Dilation and curettage (D&C) is a medical procedure to remove tissue from the uterus. The procedure involves dilating the cervix and scraping the lining of the uterus with a curette. A D&C is typically performed for several reasons, including the diagnosis and treatment of certain medical conditions. In this blog, we will discuss the reasons for a D&C, what to expect when having a D&C, the uses of a D&C, and when to seek help.
Reasons for a D&C
There are several reasons why a woman may need a D&C. Some of the common reasons include the following:
Miscarriage: A D&C may be necessary if a woman has had a miscarriage and some tissue remains in the uterus.
Abnormal uterine bleeding: A D&C may be performed to diagnose and treat abnormal uterine bleeding. Hormonal imbalances, fibroids, or polyps can cause this.
Endometrial hyperplasia: This is a condition with excessive growth of cells in the lining of the uterus. A D&C may be performed to remove excess tissue and reduce the risk of developing cancer.
Uterine cancer: If uterine cancer is suspected, a dilation and curettage may be performed to collect tissue samples for examination.
Incomplete abortion: If a medical abortion (using pills) has failed or an incomplete abortion occurs, a D&C may be required.
What to expect when having a dilation and curettage?
A D&C is usually performed under general anesthesia or local anesthesia with sedation. The procedure itself usually takes 10-15 minutes. The doctor will dilate the cervix during the procedure to allow access to the uterus. They will then use a curette to scrape the lining of the uterus and remove the tissue. After the procedure, the woman may experience cramping, spotting and light bleeding. Pain relievers may be prescribed as needed.
D&C Uses
Apart from the reasons mentioned above, D&C is also used for other medical purposes such as:
Diagnosing infertility: A dilation and curettage may be performed to diagnose the cause of infertility. This may include removing tissue for examination and testing.
Uterine polyp removal: If a woman has uterine polyps, a dilation and curettage may be performed to remove them.
Treatment of heavy periods: A dilation and curettage may be performed to remove excess tissue in the uterus, which can reduce heavy menstrual bleeding.
Management of postpartum bleeding: A D&C may be necessary to control heavy bleeding after delivery.
How long does it take to recover from D and C?
Recovery time from a D&C (dilation and curettage) procedure can vary depending on the individual and the reason for the procedure. The recovery period usually lasts 1 to 2 weeks, although some women may take longer to fully recover.
During the first few days after the procedure, it is common to experience mild to moderate cramping, spotting, and bleeding. Pain relievers may be prescribed to control any discomfort. It is important to avoid strenuous physical activity, heavy lifting, and sexual activity during this time to allow the body to properly recover.
After the initial recovery period, it is common to experience light bleeding and spotting for up to a week or two. Women may also experience some irregular periods in the following weeks or months.
It is essential to follow your healthcare provider’s post-procedure instructions and attend follow-up appointments as needed. This may include scheduling a follow-up visit to ensure the procedure was successful and monitor for potential complications.
Physical recovery
A D and C’s physical recovery takes little time. If someone has had anesthesia, they may feel drowsy. But this should go away in a day or two. As soon as they feel ready, they can resume most of their regular tasks when they feel ready.
After a D&C procedure, you should avoid certain activities for a week, such as swimming, using tampons or other vaginal objects, and having sex. Additionally, showers are allowed during this time for hygiene reasons. It is common to experience mild pain, cramping and light bleeding, similar to 14 days after the procedure. Therefore, it is essential to have a follow-up appointment with a doctor 14 days after the procedure and report any persistent symptoms, such as prolonged bleeding or pain.
emotional recovery
Emotional recovery from a D&C procedure can vary between people, and some experience no lasting effects. Although, in a 2020 study, the majority of people who had had an abortion still believed it was the right decision five years later and reported feeling relieved, how someone feels after a D&C procedure depends on factors surrounding their decision, such as the difficulty of making the decision and stigma from others. Whether or not a person wanted pregnancy also affects their emotional response; For example, those who have lost a desired pregnancy may feel intense pain. People who have had to terminate a pregnancy due to health risks may experience stress, anxiety, or depression. There is no right or wrong way to feel after a D&C procedure. Still, those who anticipate difficulty coping may find it helpful to take time off work, engage in low-energy activities such as watching movies, and spend time with supportive friends or family. People experiencing ongoing emotional distress may consider seeking help from a therapist.
When to seek help?
After a D&C, a woman may experience some cramping, spotting, and light bleeding. However, if any of the following symptoms occur, you should seek medical help immediately:
Heavy bleeding: If the woman soaks more than one pad per hour, this may indicate a problem and medical attention should be sought.
Severe pain: If the woman experiences severe pain that is not relieved by pain relievers, medical attention should be sought.
Fever: If the woman develops a fever after the procedure, she should seek medical help as this may indicate an infection.
Smelly discharge: If the woman experiences a smelly discharge after the procedure, she should seek medical help, as this may also indicate an infection.
Who to consult for D&C?
Let’s say you are considering a D&C procedure or have undergone one and have questions. In that case, it is recommended to consult with a gynecologist or obstetrician who can provide you with personalized medical advice and guidance based on your health needs.
